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Functions and Operators
1. What are functions and operators in MySQL, and how are they different?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
2. What is the difference between single-row functions and aggregate functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
3. Give examples of commonly used string functions in MySQL.
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
4. What is the use of the CONCAT() function? How is it different from using ||?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
5. Explain the difference between NOW(), CURDATE(), and SYSDATE().
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
6. What are arithmetic operators in MySQL? Give examples.
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
7. What is the difference between the = and <=> operators?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
8. What does the DISTINCT keyword do when used with aggregate functions like COUNT()?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
9. What is the difference between IFNULL() and COALESCE() functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
10. What are logical operators in MySQL, and how do AND, OR, and NOT work?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
11. What is the difference between LENGTH() and CHAR_LENGTH() functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
12. How does MySQL handle type conversion when using operators on different data types?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
13. What is the difference between ROUND(), TRUNCATE(), and FORMAT() functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
14. Explain how CASE and IF() functions can be used for conditional logic.
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
15. What are comparison operators in MySQL, and how are they used with NULL values?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
16. How do aggregate functions like AVG(), SUM(), and MAX() behave when NULLs are present?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
17. Explain the use of REGEXP and LIKE operators. What’s the difference between them?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
18. What are user-defined functions (UDFs), and how do they differ from stored procedures?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
19. What are the differences between DATE_ADD() and ADDDATE() functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
20. How can you use STR_TO_DATE() and DATE_FORMAT() for converting and displaying date values?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
21. How does MySQL internally optimize and cache results of deterministic functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
22. What are window functions in MySQL 8.0, and how do they differ from aggregate functions?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
23. Explain the difference between RANK(), DENSE_RANK(), and ROW_NUMBER() window functions.
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
24. How does MySQL evaluate operator precedence when multiple operators are used in a single expression?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
25. Can functions be used in the WHERE clause? What are the performance implications?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
26. How can you use JSON_EXTRACT() and JSON_CONTAINS() to work with JSON data in MySQL?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
27. What are the performance trade-offs of using scalar functions inside JOIN or GROUP BY clauses?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
28. Explain how collation affects comparison operators in string functions.
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
29. What are deterministic and non-deterministic functions? How does this affect replication and indexes?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
30. How would you combine multiple functions and operators to clean, transform, and aggregate data efficiently in one query?
Level: Expert | Frequency: High
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